Author Warranties: Submitting authors warrant that their work is original, unpublished, and not under review elsewhere. All sources must be properly cited, and contributions of third parties must be ethically acknowledged.

Authorship Criteria: Only those who made a significant contribution to the research and writing should be listed as authors. Equal contribution is assumed unless stated otherwise.

Plagiarism Policy: Plagiarism is unacceptable. Confirmed cases will be exposed.

Confidentiality: Manuscripts are treated confidentially and shared only with those directly involved in the editorial process.

Online Availability: Articles appear on our site within 3 months of print publication. Authors may immediately self-archive the published version on academic networks.

The Peer-Review Process:

Submission & Consent: By submitting, authors agree to peer review.

Editorial Assessment: The Editorial Board evaluates thematic fit and formal requirements.

Reviewer Assignment: The Editorial Board appoints external reviewers unaffiliated with the authors or the Editorial Board itself.

Review Submission: Reviews are written based on a standard template.

Blind Procedure: A double-blind model is used; identities are protected.

Author Feedback: The Editorial Board relays reviewer comments to the author.

Revision Period: Authors have 15 days to revise or to submit a rebuttal.

Final Decision: The Editorial Board makes the ultimate publication decision. Non-compliance with deadlines may cause postponement.

1. Length and Format

Submissions should be between 18,000 and 40,000 characters (approximately 7 to 16 pages, according to the manuscript formatting rules). A larger volume may be considered upon justification and agreement with the Editorial Board.

The manuscript (as a single file) must be prepared in Microsoft Word with the following parameters:

• All margins: 2.5 cm
• Font: Times New Roman, 14 pt
• Line spacing: 1.0
• Paragraph indent: 1 cm
• Text alignment: justified
• Do not use automatic hyphenation
• Do not include page numbers

2. Accompanying Materials
The text must be accompanied by:

• An abstract and 4 to 10 keywords in two languages: Belarusian or Russian, and English. The abstract should clearly convey the article's content (research object, aims, sources, methodology, conclusions).
• Brief information about the author(s): academic degree and position, affiliation, field of scholarly interest, email address, ORCID ID (if available).

When rendering Belarusian proper names (settlements, surnames, etc.) in English, translation must be based on the Belarusian language (e.g., Витебск/Віцебск → Viciebsk, not Vitebsk). See Instructions for the Transliteration of Geographical Names of the Republic of Belarus with Letters of the Latin Alphabet

3. Text Structure

Line 1: Article title in the language of the article's text (bold font).
Line 2: Article title in English.
Line 3: Author's first and last name(s) in the language of the article, followed by the name(s) in Latin (or Cyrillic) transliteration in parentheses. Cyrillic surnames should be written as in the passport.

Leave a blank line, then include the abstract and keywords in both languages.

Leave another blank line, then the main text. If desired, the main text may be divided into sections with their own headings.

If tables are used, the text within them should be in 12 pt font. Tables must have a title, and a reference to them must be present in the text. Below the table, information on the sources used to create it must be provided.

Illustrations can only be accepted for printing in "grayscale." The author must indicate the source of the illustration and ensure that its publication does not violate any copyrights.

Citations and references to sources should be presented as footnotes with renumbering on each page (see Formatting of Sources and Bibliography below).

4. References (Sources and Bibliography).

After the text (without numbering), place the References (Sources and Bibliography) section. Cyrillic sources and literature will be transliterated by the Editorial Board.

First, list sources in alphabetical order (official publications up to 1939, as well as press reports up to 1991, are considered sources), followed by the bibliography.

It is not permitted to include the author's own works in the final list (except for co-authored works, provided the in-text citation refers to the part written by the co-author).